Efficiency Requires Adaptation
The majority of historical designs are a priori in nature, where a priori indicates a design can be specified in advance of the experiment. The conventional wisdom is that the set of a priori designs is sufficient to produce efficient experiments. This work challenges this convention and finds that efficiency requires data dependent strategies. Specifically, in the context of a sequential experiment, where observations are accrued in a series of runs, an adaptive design is proposed that is guaranteed to be more efficient than any corresponding a priori design.
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